Ian Hacking on the Positivist Position on Causality: A Case of Neglect of Dimensions of Discourse

Abstract

Causality is one of the most controversial notions in philosophy and science. Whereas a few scholars argue that causality is a real fact of nature, others argue that it is sine cum fundamento in rem – placing it as a mere category or function of the mind. Scholars have really argued back and forth without taking cognizance of the fact that there are different valid dimensions of discourse within which the notion of causality or causation can be examined. My central task in this paper is to point out that Ian Hacking failed to recognize the different dimensions or thresholds of discourse between his view and the positivist stance on causation. He somewhat argued at crosspurposes with them. In fine, causality can both be accepted and denied depending on the threshold or dimension of discourse. The paper takes a historiographical approach, so as to better clarify the matter at issue.